Modeling Inferences in Mental
Models
Klaus Eyferth, Robin Hörnig, Ute Schmid, Sylvia Wiebrock, Fritz Wysotzki
TU Berlin, Department for Informatics
Duration: 1996 - 2000
Project homepage:
http://ki.cs.tu-berlin.de/~sppraum/spacecog.html
This project pursues
three purposes: First, an experimental psychological inquiry into the representation
of spatial relations given in texts. Second, the development of a computer
based model representing spatial relations that are given by or inferred
from information in a propositional format, as a contribution of artificial
intelligence (AI). Third, the comparison and mutual evaluation of the presuppositions
as well in the psychological as in the AI model. The psychological model
draws upon the theory of mental models, proposing that a recipient reconstructs
spatial textual relations in an analogous mental representation. The experiment
takes up and revises suggestions of N. Franklin, B. Tversky and colleagues
(c.f. 1990). The AI model defines and explores inference algorithms promising
to be more efficient than approaches based on classical logic. This model
uses geometric transformations, as used e.g. in computer graphics and robotics
(Ambler & Popplestone 1975), in combination with constraint satisfaction.
Spatial scenes are represented on an intermediate level by labelled graphs.
The nodes of the graph are labelled by coordinate systems, representing
objects introduced in the text. The arcs are labelled by transformations
of coordinate systems, coding spatial prepositions given in the text. Spatial
relations not available from the text can then be computed (inferred) by
finding appropriate paths in the graph, multiplying the coordinate transformations
along the path and matching the product with the definitions of spatial
prepositions.
The project as a
whole is set to develop a model of spatial inferences that is consistent
with psychological evidence and allows for computer implementation according
to clear and parsimonious principles.
Approaches:
empirical investigation; modeling; implementation
Areas of Research:
artificial
intelligence; cognitive psychology; linguistics
Topics: mental
models; language; inference
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